Netherlands and Sweden
In both countries, the majority of the population buys supplemental policies, often purchased from the insurer providing basic coverage. Insurers providing supplemental coverage are subject to fewer (Netherlands) or no (Switzerland) risk-rating restrictions. This has had complex effects on competition and mobility of the insured in the supplemental insurance market.
Tight regulation of basic health insurance markets, with requirements for open enrollment and community rating. Both countries require that insurers accept all applicants and prohibit variations in premiums by health status—community rating, with guaranteed offer and renewal.
The two countries differ markedly, however, regarding insurance market oversight, the way premiums are set, and the extent of risk equalization efforts across competing plans.
An additional 1.5 percent is insured but behind on premium payments—a policy concern in both countries. Both countries subsidize premiums for low-income households, with about 40 percent receiving such premium assistance
Netherlands
* Compulsory social insurance for people earning an income below a certain income level
* Private insurance available for people earning above a certain income level
Sweden
Sweden attaches high priority to the provision of health services to the entire population paid for through
* National taxes
* Regional taxes.
Netherlands - The Health Insurance Act of 2006
The Health Insurance Act of 2006 was the culmination of several years of Dutch legislation and policy aimed at achieving universal health care coverage. It requires all people who legally live or work in the Netherlands to buy health insurance from a private insurance company. Insurers are required to accept each applicant at a community-rated premium regardless of preexisting conditions.
As discussed, insurance companies are required to accept each applicant for basic insurance coverage. Individuals can choose from among 14 private insurance companies and several related subsidiaries. The Dutch government has set up a Web site where consumers can compare all insurers with respect to price, services, consumer satisfaction, and supplemental insurance, and compare hospitals on different sets of performance indicators.
The plan is financed with individuals' annual income-based contributions to the tax collector. Employers are required to compensate their employees for these contributions.
In addition, all adults are required to pay premiums directly to the selected insurer, which sets its own community-rated premium. It is estimated that 1.5% are uninsured
In the Netherlands, the government is not in charge of the day-to-day management of the healthcare system.
Private health suppliers are responsible for the provision of services in this area.
The government is responsible for the accessibility and quality of the healthcare.
Since January 1st 2006 there is a new healthcare insurance system in the Netherlands and you should be aware of the requirements before you leave for the Netherlands.
If you are living in the Netherlands or you are paying income-tax in the Netherlands you are required to purchase a health insurance at a Dutch insurance company. In the past there was a difference between public and private healthcare in the Netherlands. This however has been changed and everybody is now required to purchase basic health insurance.
Fees of the basic package
The fees for the basic health insurance package are annually determined by the health insurance companies and are normally approximately €95 per month. Although the Ministry of Health (Ministerie van Volksgezondheid, Welzijn en Sport) determines a standard premium, the insurance companies determine the additions fee you will have to pay in the end by charging a certain rate and a no-claim charge. It is with these additional fees that the insurance companies compete with each other. There are various health insurance companies and a new law will make it easier to change between health insurance companies.
If you are required to purchase health insurance and are earning a salary, you will also pay a supplementary contribution from your income (rated 6.5% up to the first €30,000 of earnings; 4.4% for self-employed individuals).
In the Netherlands, for example, people must buy supplementary insurance for health care such as cosmetic surgery, non-rehabilitative physiotherapy, or more comprehensive dentistry. Costs have been cut, quality driven up, and fees are far from prohibitive; in fact 93% of the population have bought some form of supplementary insurance.
"Have you recently moved to the Netherlands? "Remember to take out health insurance. Obligatory health insurance covers the costs of medical care. Residents in the Netherlands are obliged by law to take out health insurance, for themselves and for their partners and children. Even if you already have a health insurance policy, you are still obliged to take out a new policy in the Netherlands.
The Netherlands operates a national insurance market for its 16 million residents. Plans may operate on a for-profit or nonprofit basis.
Plans typically offer coverage in all areas of the country and include all providers, although selective contracting is allowed. Children are covered in full through public funds. Premiums charged for adults represent 50 percent of the expected annual costs. Netherlands has notably low cost-sharing, with additional protections for the chronically ill.
Switzerland
The Swiss health care system has gained a reputation of being one of the best in the world. There is an extensive network of hospitals and doctors, waiting lists for treatment are rare and medical facilities have the latest technology. However, as with most things in Switzerland, there is a price tag attached to this quality!
Hospitals ( Krankenhaus, Spital/hôpital) can be recognized by a white "H" on a blue background and are listed in the yellow pages under Spitäler or hôpitaux. Except for emergencies, you usually have to be referred to a hospital by a doctor. You normally have to visit a hospital in the canton where you are residing, although there are exceptions to this.
Depending on your insurance scheme, you will either be put in a
- General ward with two to four beds (standard cover),
- A two-bed room (half private)
- A single room (private)
Note:
- Standard cover does not give you the right to choose your doctor, this may be important as not all doctors may speak your language.
Hospitals in Switzerland aren’t cheap! All hospital fees have to be paid for either by you or your insurance company. There is no such thing as ‘free treatment’ in Switzerland (even in the case of emergencies).
*If the decision is up to you whether or not to go into the hospital, you should first talk to your insurance company.
How are bills paid?
After visiting a hospital or doctor...
- You will receive a bill
- You should pay within the specified period (usually around 30 days)
- You then send a copy to your insurance company
- You will be reimbursed the percentage covered by your insurance scheme
If you are not resident in Switzerland and don’t have any sufficient health insurance, hospitals can require a deposit upon your admittance, which may range from CHF 2000 to 10,000.
Health insurance - Public and private health insurance in Switzerland
According to the Health Insurance Act ( Krankenversicherungsgesetz - KVG) every person living in Switzerland is obliged to take out a basic health insurance policy ( Grundversicherung). Note that in Switzerland, sickness insurance will normally not be arranged by your employer. You have the responsibility of contacting providers and arranging the insurance yourself. Only if your employer has an agreement with a specific insurer and pays part of your premiums (which rarely happens), will you be forced to choose a specific provider.
Health insurance premiums in Switzerland are not dependent on income, but are calculated based on your personal risk profile. However, the Swiss Confederation subsidizes premiums for low-income individuals/families. In 2004, the basic insurance premium was around CHF 250/month.
Swiss insurance schemes only cover individuals, not families as in some other European social security schemes. You will therefore have to insure each household member, including children.
If you only have a compulsory basic insurance scheme, you are obliged to make a contribution towards your total annual medical cost, up to a certain limit per year. This ‘franchise’ is calculated as a percentage of your total annual medical costs and capped at a yearly limit.
About 40% of the Swiss population chose to top-up their insurance cover. This is commonly in order to have more comfortable accommodation during a hospital stay or wider choice of treatments.
The Swiss have operated with a mandate since 1996.
Uninsured rates are low (estimated at below 1 percent in Switzerland). An additional 1.5 percent is insured but behind on premium payments.
Switzerland imposes much higher cost-sharing, including deductibles and coinsurance than the Netherlands.
The Swiss insurance system (7.5 million people) is highly decentralized, with plans operating and setting premiums at the canton level (26 divisions). In Switzerland, only nonprofit insurers may participate. The 10 largest of some 85 carriers insure 80 percent of the population. Swiss insurance risk equalization efforts adjust only for age and sex factors at the moment. Currently, Swiss premiums vary widely by health risks of insured pools across the country and within regions.
Switzerland, 12 percent of the population is enrolled in HMOs or other managed care plans. However, savings have been limited because most of these enrollees are in the least integrated plans, and plans have no ability to negotiate prices with providers. Outside such plans, Swiss patients have open access to physicians and can self-refer to specialists. Swiss provider fees are generally set by negotiations between provider associations and insurance associations.
Hospitals are mostly paid per diem rates, although a large fraction has already changed to prospective reimbursement.
A nationwide diagnosis-related group (DRG) system (SwissDRG) will be introduced in 2012. Cantons finance more than 50 percent of hospital costs either directly or through DRGs.
I think that most people on the EP already know that in the USA just because something is assigned a "non-profit" status does not mean they are not making money. I believe it is only in recent history that a lot of the Blues plans changed from non-profit status.
The-Swiss-and-Dutch-Health-Insurance-Systems--Universal-Coverage-and-Regulated-Competitive-Insurance
HEALTH CARE REFORM IN THE NETHERLANDS,
SWEDEN, AND THE UNITED KINGDOM
Universal-Mandatory-Health-Insurance-in-The-Netherlands--A-Model-for-the-United-States
Netherlands-Guide/Health/Healthcare
Should patients be able to pay top-up fees to receive the treatment they want
Switzerland-Guide/Health/Introduction
Tomorrow is the United Kingdom
Comments
fashion police are here and making an arrest
Ya all, look at your blogs like your significant other would look at you decorating the house. Does bright red go with a brown red? Does blue go with a fall color scheme?
If your SO is female, would you think she looked great with massive blue eyeshadow, bright red cheeks of blush and purple lipstick?
Think about it when you format your posts. Instead of enhancing what you want to say, you can detract significantly from the content.
Robert ... dude .....
While I agree with your fashion police statement can detract from the message.
You, should be the last one pointing fingers with that green and yellow eyesore color scheme. ;o)
what?
Everybody I know has thought it looks nice, this is the first I've heard of anyone thinking it looks bad.
BTW: if you want your corporate blue/white, you can switch your theme to Amadou.
Jez. I even did a poll on the look of the site originally...everybody liked it.
OECD, references
I would like to see some quotes and references from the OECD for one and probably other more objective analysis. I checked some of your links and they are think tanks, for the profit of the medical business sector.
The OECD has done a lot of studies on health care systems.
Also, I've written a few pieces on health care costs.
And this health care tags.
In the documentary Sick around the World, Frontline, they list a host of additional resources, experts for analysis.
For example, I actually lived abroad, I did get ill and no one checked my citizenship status or anything and it was free. The prescription, which I had in the U.S. to the tune of $130 bucks cost $11 dollars for me and I believe that was because I did not have some sort of insurance card from Finland. So, something isn't adding up here in your analysis.
In Canada, this is from about 10 years ago, I did hear about long waiting lists for necessary heart surgery. People were driving to the U.S. to get it because they could not wait.
Was it the Commonwealth Fund?
I give credence to think tanks on each side of the debate. Neither has the gold ring for 100% correct or 100% wrong. The just landed site is a useful site that gives information about visiting different countries (not just about medical) and I think they give it a good shot to be correct.
If it was the British Medical Journal, I give them a pass because they are European and not an American Journal. I try to use as much non American sites as possible but sometimes it is not possible.....but I try.
Getting free treatments in different lands is always confusing. Like Canada. I hear anecdotal reports of free care for foreigners. But maybe it depends on the Province? The official Ontario Health Insurance Plan site says:
Ontario residents are eligible for provincially funded health coverage (OHIP). To be eligible for Ontario health coverage you must :
My sister was visiting in the UK and needed an ambulance trip to the ER. She received an $1,100 bill for the service. But then I read people saying they, as a visitor, received free care. I've never had the $$$ to globe trot to foreign countries to investigate so I can only use what I hear or read.
Canada has been trying their best to work on those wait times. They initiated the the Wait Times Reduction Fund.
It took a lot of time to research the different plans and I tried my best to have things correct. I want to know if someone can point out sites to show any flaws, I want to know. I don't want to present incorrect information.
I do know that countries are always changing the rules.
you're tackling Medusa
So, my hat is off to you. Figuring out the details, verifying sources, and trying to filter out misinformation on this topic...
well, today we had the private health industry swearing to cut $2 trillion dollars on costs....simply to save their overpriced, profitable ass.
One of the things that bothers me is I feel they are so self-protective, the AMA, beyond belief protective, a lot of lab work, really should be able to be done through self-testing, it's no big shakes really but they have a lock on that, you can't get a lot of drugs without a prescription and on and on.
I've read that India is cheap as hell and state of the art...but is that just sales and marketing to get more medical tourists? I don't know.
That said, Frontline has for the most part some good credibility (you have to watch who the producer is of the documentary) and the OECD, so far in my reading of their studies, seems to be thorough, objective.
Yea big pharma
Don't get me started. I find it (showing my libertarian views here) but it is amazing to me that a terminal cancer patient can't smoke a joint. But they'll gladly fill your body with chemo and what ever other mind/body killing drugs that they bribed the govt to legalize.
A funny thing about the drugs though is that people get upset when they become OTC. When they become OTC people must pay out of their own pocket and insurance is not paying. People get in a knot about paying for their drugs.
I remember when one of the allergy meds went OTC there was a big brew-ha-ha and people were mad because their insurance would no longer pay.
I swear it seems it is a damned if ya do and damned it ya don't. Nobody is happy.
My nephew went to India and other people I know visited India. From the pictures I don't think I'll be rushing there for any operations anytime too soon.
I'll check out that Frontline show.
I do know that I saw a blog from someone working with Obama health care team. The blog was on Japan. His blog mirrored many of my Japanese stats but left out the some of the negatives.
legalizing pot
From what I can tell most people are for it and agree, it's beyond stupid on a host of fronts, especially because it has medical benefits, esp. for chemo patients.
But my take is they should legalize it due to the increasing underground economy and drug cartels. I mean if alcohol is legal then by any stretch, marijuana should be legal.
But there is much more to this story in that the medical industry plain has a lock on so much, it's making fundamental care plain out of reach.
I have insurance and discovered i can get chiropractic, acupuncture, I can go get "therapy" and rehab....but I cannot get blood work without it applying to the deductible. Now how ridiculous is that when you are going in for a problem and the main diagnostic are laboratory tests. That means that people are probably forgoing needed lab. tests until it's too late.